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KMID : 0525720080130040193
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Journal of Chitin and Chitosan
2008 Volume.13 No. 4 p.193 ~ p.204
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Applications of Chitin and Chitosan Derivatives as Biomedical Polymer Materials
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Han Sang-Mun
Park Jae-Kweon
Ahn Byung-Jae
Lee Su-Han
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Abstract
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This review discusses about the chemical structure characteristics of chitin and chitosan derivatives as biomedical polymer material, including a number of factors such as functional group, degree of deacetylation, ionic interaction, pKas, etc. Polymeric materials like DNA, polysaccharides and other natural products have recently attracted attention as biodegradable medicine and drug carriers. They have been focused for the purpose of slow release of effective components as depot forms to improve membrane permeability, solubility and site-specific targeting. For instance, chitin solution, prepared using a newly developed method, is dope casted into a membrane which is subjected to the adsorption and the releasing tests with tetracycline. Tetracycline which is cationic antibiotic is found to be released at the level of minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) from chitin and anionic polysaccharide blended chitin membranes. Releasing property of tetracycline is showed dependence on swelling ratio of membrane by carboxymethyl group. Especially sulfated chitosans prepared as anti-viral substances have showed a significant anti-HIV-1 activities. These results suggest that cationic amino acids (Aly-Lys-Arg-Arg-Val-Val-Gln-Arg-His-Lys-Arg) in C-terminal of gp120 envelop in HIV-1 and sulfate groups on the sulfated chitosans might be involved in the electrostatic interaction. These results suggest that sulfated chitosan derivatives is expected as an anti-HIV molecules with differential driving force mechanism against some nucleoside analogs of drug in the future. It can be concluded that controlling the release and adherence of any antibiotic substances from or on chitin membrane depends upon their ionic characteristics(carboxyl group of soluble polysaccharide).
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KEYWORD
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sulfated chitosan derivatives, teracycline, HIV-1, gp120, sodium alginate
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